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Philadelphia and Columbia Railroad
Philadelphia and Columbia Railroad was an early shortline railroad from Philadelphia to Columbia, Pennsylvania, built with a western terminal near the former ferry site known as Wright's Ferry, in Lancaster County, where it met with navigations and improvements on the Susquehanna River east bank approximately miles south of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Many of its rights-of-way were obtained by the actions of the Pennsylvania Canal Commission which operated the railroad under the various enabling acts of the Pennsylvania legislature. In 1857 the Railroad and most of the Pennsylvania Canal system was sold to the Pennsylvania Railroad as one of the properties legally denoted as the Main Line of Public Works which included properties of the Pennsylvania Canal Commission as far west as Pittsburgh and the Allegheny Portage Railroad.
==Historical background==
Originally planned during the Canal Age at the behest of Philadelphia city fathers to compete with the Erie Canal trade with near-west settlements in the Northwest Territories and expected to be a canal in the late 1820s conception as the easternmost leg of the Pennsylvania Canal System, the branch was to be a continuation of the first funded river improvements and harder-to-construct engineering challenges〔e.g. Allegheny Portage Railroad〕 farther west in less populated rural regions. The canal joining the Delaware and Susquehanna rivers in the initial planning was to run across the most populated expanse of Pennsylvania's Great Valley region (and so was delayed politically in part by local land concerns and the due-process needs of eminent domain). As a canal section, its planning was overtaken by the growth of railroad technology, which by the mid-1830s had demonstrated sufficient promise to adopt the new technology for the easternmost leg of the overall planned transportation system.
Despite the relatively untried and unproven nature of the railroad technologies with the example of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad project in direct competition—legal capabilities, funding and construction was shifted to a railroad—it was expected to be far faster and cheaper to build above ground and make bridges than it was to dig a deep ditch and provide it with reliable water supplies to enable two way barge traffic.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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